Tests – Page 3 – Paul Wu's Blog

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)

Contrary to the well-known aggregation caused quenching of chromophore, there are certain materials show no or weak emission at solution, but strong emission when aggregated, e.g. in solid films. The phenomenon is called aggregation induced emission (AIE).

Rubber Resilience Test

Bases on ASTM D2635, Rubber resilience is the ratio of rebound height to drop height of a metal plunger of prescribed mass and shape which is allowed to fall on the rubber specimen.

Optical path for reflection/transmission measurement in Perkin Elmer spectrophotometer

The following figure from Perkin Elmer shows the optical path for transmission and reflection measurements using an integrating sphere.

Color and measurement (ASTM E1164)

The color of an object is determined by illuminant (light source), object, and observer (detector, eyes).

Gloss measurement-ASTM D 523

Gloss is a measure of object’s surface property, e.g. shiny, metallic, or matte. It measures the percentage of spectral reflection.

Al Vs Cu

Traditionally, IC interconnects formed from Al; however due to scaling and performances needs, Copper is gradually replacing Aluminum.

Photo elastic modulator

photo elastic modulator

Photo elastic modulator (PEM) is one the critical components in a phase modulated ellipsometer, which modulates phase and amplitude changes in detected signal, based on that Psi and Delta will be measured and n, k, d, and others accordingly in principle.

Ellipsometry

Ellipsometry is a powerful tool in thin film field to characterize film properties, e.g. refractive index (n), extinction coefficiency (k), surface roughness, crystallinity, etc.

Transmittance/Haze/Clarity measurement-ASTM D 1003

As a simplified view, light is incident upon a sample, three processes occur: transmission, absorption, and reflection, as schematically shown in the follow figure, including retroflection, diffuse reflection, specular reflection, diffuse transmission, and specular transmission.

Hardness measurement-ASTM D2240

Material hardness represents the capability of resisting the penetration of a harder body. The harder material wears or scratches the softer material.