Power Vs Energy Cells

What are power cell and energy cells?

An energy cell will have better volumetric and gravimetric energy density; a power cell is to deliver higher power over energy density 

How to make a power cell?

To make a power cell, the following strategies can be taken:

  • Reduce electrode or ion diffusion length by
    • (1) reducing active materials’ particle size;
    • (2) reducing electrode coating weight;
    • (3) increase electrode porosity to increase electrolyte/active materials interfaces;
    • (4) adding more conductive materials to increase conductivity.
  • Reduce resistance by
    • (1) coating charge collectors;
    • (2) use thicker and wider tags connected with charge collectors;
    • (3) thinner separators;
    • (4) electrolyte with higher ion conductivity;
    • (5) stacked cells (multiple sheets stack together) has lower resistance than cylindrical or wound prismatic cells since they have less electrical tags per unit length/area of electrode and hence higher resistance

Trade-off between power and energy density cells

Trade-off between power cells and energy cells

References

  1. M. J. Lain, J. Brandon, E. Kendrick, “Design Strategies for High Power vs. High Energy Lithium Ion Cells“, Batteries 2019, 5(4), 64
  2. Rui Zhao, Jie Liu, Junjie Gu, “The effects of electrode thickness on the electrochemical and thermal characteristics of lithium ion battery“, Applied Energy, Volume 139, 2015, Pages 220-229
  3. https://www.batterydesign.net/power-versus-energy-cells/